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FIRST RELEASE |
CROATIAN
BUREAU OF STATISTICS ISSN 1334-0565 |
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YEAR: XLV. |
ZAGREB, 3 SEPTEMBER, 2008 |
NUMBER: 4.2.3/2. |
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OBLIGED TO NOTIFY DATA SOURCE |
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In the second quarter of 2008, as compared to the 2007 annual average, according to SITC sections, the increase in export prices, expressed in kuna, was recorded in the following sections: Mineral fuels and lubricants (27.8%), Animal and vegetable oils and fats (12.4%), Crude materials, except fuels (11.2%), Chemical products (9.3%), Food and live animals (7.8%) and Miscellaneous manufactured articles (4.6%).
The increase in import prices was recorded in the sections Animal and vegetable oils and fats (40.8%), Mineral fuels and lubricants (32.8%), Beverages and tobacco (13.3%), Crude materials, except fuels (7.4%), and Food and live animals (4.2%).
In the second quarter of 2008 import prices from the section Miscellaneous manufactured articles, expressed in kuna, remained the same as compared to the 2007 annual average.
In the second quarter of 2008, as compared to the 2007 annual average, according to SITC sections, the decrease in export prices, expressed in kuna, was recorded in the following sections: Manufactures classified by material (-5.6%), Beverages and tobacco (-3.7%) and Machinery and transport equipment (-1.4%).
The decrease in import prices was recorded in the sections Machinery and transport equipment (-4.8%), Chemical products (-4.6%) and Manufactures classified by material (-1.4%).
1. EXPORT AND IMPORT PRICE INDICES, ACCORDING TO NKD 2002.
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IV. – VI. 2008. |
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Exports |
Imports |
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In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
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Total |
103,8 |
118,8 |
104,8 |
101,2 |
116,4 |
102,3 |
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A Agriculture, hunting and forestry |
101,3 |
117,1 |
102,4 |
111,4 |
128,4 |
112,7 |
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B Fishing |
114,2 |
131,3 |
115,4 |
76,4 |
86,9 |
77,1 |
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C Mining and quarrying |
120,9 |
141,1 |
122,2 |
136,5 |
156,6 |
138,1 |
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D Manufacturing |
103,3 |
118,1 |
104,3 |
97,1 |
111,7 |
98,2 |
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15 Manufacture of food products and beverages |
101,5 |
112,0 |
102,6 |
105,1 |
120,5 |
106,2 |
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16 Manufacture of tobacco products |
96,0 |
111,3 |
97,0 |
142,8 |
164,9 |
144,1 |
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17 Manufacture of textiles |
97,4 |
112,2 |
98,5 |
100,5 |
115,5 |
101,5 |
1) Provisional data
1. EXPORT AND IMPORT PRICE INDICES, ACCORDING TO NKD 2002.
(continued)
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IV. – VI. 2008. |
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Exports |
Imports |
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In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
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18 Manufacture of
wearing apparel; |
97,2 |
111,8 |
98,3 |
101,0 |
117,0 |
102,1 |
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19 Tanning and
dressing of leather; manufacture |
97,6 |
111,7 |
98,7 |
99,0 |
114,3 |
100,1 |
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20 Manufacture of wood and of
products of |
104,1 |
120,3 |
105,2 |
97,3 |
112,0 |
98,1 |
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21 Manufacture of pulp, paper and paper products |
109,6 |
125,5 |
110,8 |
94,3 |
108,8 |
95,4 |
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22 Publishing,
printing and reproduction |
97,2 |
111,4 |
98,1 |
82,4 |
95,6 |
83,1 |
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23 Manufacture of
coke, refined |
128,5 |
147,5 |
129,9 |
119,5 |
137,1 |
120,8 |
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24 Manufacture of
chemicals and |
112,4 |
128,4 |
113,0 |
97,1 |
111,2 |
98,2 |
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25 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products |
98,5 |
113,1 |
99,5 |
95,4 |
109,8 |
96,5 |
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26 Manufacture of
other non-metallic |
99,5 |
114,5 |
100,5 |
91,8 |
104,8 |
92,8 |
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27 Manufacture of basic metals |
110,4 |
127,7 |
111,6 |
104,1 |
119,9 |
105,4 |
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28 Manufacture of
fabricated metal products, |
84,7 |
97,2 |
85,2 |
96,6 |
111,1 |
97,7 |
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29 Manufacture of
machinery and |
97,8 |
111,1 |
99,1 |
96,4 |
110,7 |
97,4 |
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30 Manufacture of office machinery and computers |
102,6 |
117,9 |
103,7 |
92,6 |
106,9 |
93,7 |
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31 Manufacture of
electrical machinery |
104,8 |
120,4 |
105,9 |
91,4 |
105,1 |
92,4 |
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32 Manufacture of
radio, television and |
86,2 |
98,8 |
86,9 |
92,1 |
105,9 |
93,1 |
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33 Manufacture of
medical, precision and optical |
101,2 |
116,0 |
101,9 |
97,8 |
112,9 |
98,9 |
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34 Manufacture of
motor vehicles, |
105,2 |
120,6 |
106,2 |
101,1 |
117,2 |
102,2 |
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35 Manufacture of other transport equipment |
91,5 |
105,3 |
92,5 |
81,3 |
93,1 |
82,3 |
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36 Manufacture of furniture, manufacturing n.e.c. |
118,8 |
136,3 |
120,0 |
102,1 |
117,4 |
103,2 |
2. EXPORT AND IMPORT PRICE INDICES, ACCORDING TO SECTIONS OF SITC, Rev. 4
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IV. – VI. 2008. |
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Exports |
Imports |
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In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
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0 Food and live animals |
107,8 |
120,0 |
108,9 |
104,2 |
119,7 |
105,3 |
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1 Beverages and tobacco |
96,3 |
111,1 |
97,4 |
113,3 |
130,5 |
114,4 |
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2 Crude materials, except fuels |
111,2 |
128,4 |
112,5 |
107,4 |
123,6 |
108,5 |
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3 Mineral fuels and lubricants |
127,8 |
147,1 |
129,2 |
132,8 |
152,3 |
134,3 |
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4 Animal and vegetable oils and fats |
112,4 |
129,7 |
113,5 |
140,8 |
158,8 |
142,2 |
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5 Chemical products |
109,3 |
125,0 |
109,9 |
95,4 |
108,9 |
96,4 |
6 Manufactures classified by material |
94,4 |
108,6 |
95,4 |
98,6 |
113,4 |
99,7 |
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7 Machinery and transport equipment |
98,6 |
112,6 |
99,6 |
95,2 |
109,6 |
96,3 |
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8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles |
104,6 |
120,2 |
105,7 |
100,0 |
115,1 |
101,1 |
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9 Commodities and transactions, n. e. c. |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
3. EXPORT AND IMPORT PRICE INDICES, ACCORDING TO NKD 2002.
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I. – VI. 2008. |
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Exports |
Imports |
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In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
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Total |
102,8 |
116,0 |
103,7 |
103,5 |
116,2 |
104,4 |
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A Agriculture, hunting and forestry |
103,8 |
116,1 |
104,7 |
108,4 |
122,4 |
109,4 |
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B Fishing |
91,5 |
101,3 |
92,1 |
74,8 |
84,4 |
75,5 |
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C Mining and quarrying |
115,7 |
130,6 |
116,6 |
127,5 |
143,1 |
128,6 |
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D Manufacturing |
102,3 |
115,4 |
103,2 |
100,7 |
113,0 |
101,6 |
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15 Manufacture of food products and beverages |
103,0 |
115,2 |
103,9 |
106,5 |
119,7 |
107,4 |
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16 Manufacture of tobacco products |
95,4 |
108,5 |
96,2 |
131,1 |
149,6 |
132,2 |
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17 Manufacture of textiles |
98,9 |
111,4 |
99,8 |
101,4 |
114,0 |
102,3 |
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18 Manufacture of
wearing apparel; |
102,3 |
115,1 |
103,2 |
110,3 |
124,6 |
111,4 |
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19 Tanning and
dressing of leather; manufacture of |
97,3 |
109,1 |
98,3 |
105,7 |
119,5 |
106,7 |
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20 Manufacture of wood and of products
of |
100,9 |
114,0 |
101,8 |
100,3 |
113,1 |
101,2 |
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21 Manufacture of pulp, paper and paper products |
112,3 |
124,2 |
113,4 |
100,8 |
113,3 |
101,5 |
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22 Publishing,
printing and reproduction |
97,3 |
108,6 |
97,9 |
87,3 |
99,6 |
87,9 |
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23 Manufacture of
coke, refined |
122,3 |
137,8 |
123,4 |
116,3 |
129,3 |
117,3 |
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24 Manufacture of
chemicals and |
105,6 |
122,3 |
106,6 |
99,9 |
113,0 |
100,7 |
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25 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products |
102,5 |
115,5 |
103,4 |
101,2 |
114,3 |
102,2 |
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26 Manufacture of
other non-metallic |
98,6 |
111,0 |
99,4 |
97,6 |
109,8 |
98,6 |
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27 Manufacture of basic metals |
104,6 |
118,7 |
105,6 |
104,4 |
118,0 |
105,4 |
3. EXPORT AND IMPORT PRICE INDICES, ACCORDING TO NKD 2002.
(continued)
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I. – VI. 2008. |
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Exports |
Imports |
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In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
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28 Manufacture of
fabricated metal products, |
83,7 |
93,8 |
84,0 |
101,6 |
114,6 |
102,7 |
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29 Manufacture of
machinery and |
98,3 |
110,4 |
99,3 |
99,1 |
111,4 |
100,0 |
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30 Manufacture of
office machinery |
105,4 |
118,5 |
106,4 |
92,0 |
103,4 |
92,8 |
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31 Manufacture of
electrical machinery |
104,0 |
117,8 |
104,9 |
96,2 |
108,4 |
97,1 |
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32 Manufacture of
radio, television and |
84,6 |
95,3 |
85,1 |
98,0 |
109,9 |
99,1 |
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33 Manufacture of
medical, precision and optical |
113,2 |
127,3 |
114,2 |
102,9 |
115,9 |
103,8 |
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34 Manufacture of
motor vehicles, |
110,8 |
124,6 |
111,7 |
99,7 |
110,1 |
100,3 |
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35 Manufacture of other transport equipment |
97,3 |
109,3 |
98,1 |
89,3 |
99,0 |
90,2 |
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36 Manufacture of furniture, manufacturing n.e.c. |
107,3 |
121,0 |
108,3 |
106,2 |
120,0 |
107,2 |
4. EXPORT AND IMPORT PRICE INDICES, ACCORDING TO SECTIONS OF SITC, Rev. 4
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I. – VI. 2008. |
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Exports |
Imports |
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In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
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0 Food and live animals |
105,7 |
118,1 |
106,6 |
106,1 |
119,4 |
107,0 |
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1 Beverages and tobacco |
99,4 |
112,6 |
100,3 |
108,6 |
122,7 |
109,5 |
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3 Crude materials, except fuels |
105,3 |
118,9 |
106,3 |
111,0 |
124,3 |
111,9 |
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3 Mineral fuels and lubricants |
121,1 |
136,5 |
122,1 |
124,6 |
139,6 |
125,7 |
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4 Animal and vegetable oils and fats |
116,7 |
127,6 |
117,2 |
134,3 |
149,2 |
135,5 |
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5 Chemical products |
105,8 |
122,0 |
106,7 |
99,8 |
112,8 |
100,7 |
6 Manufactures classified by material |
94,4 |
106,1 |
95,2 |
101,6 |
114,6 |
102,5 |
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7 Machinery and transport equipment |
99,1 |
111,7 |
99,9 |
97,4 |
108,6 |
98,1 |
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8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles |
104,6 |
117,7 |
105,5 |
105,3 |
118,8 |
106,3 |
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9 Commodities and transactions, n. e. c. |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
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5. AVERAGE EXCHANGE RATE IN EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA
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1 US dollar |
1 euro |
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I. – XII. 2007. |
I. – VI. 2008. |
IV. – VI. 2008. |
I. – XII. 2007. |
I. – VI. 2008. |
IV. – VI. 2008. |
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Average exchange rate in kuna for exports |
5,3417 |
4,7450 |
4,6423 |
7,3348 |
7,2700 |
7,2558 |
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Average exchange rate in kuna for imports |
5,3471 |
4,7408 |
4,6427 |
7,3360 |
7,2700 |
7,2563 |
NOTES ON METHODOLOGY
In this Release, the Central Bureau of Statistics publishes provisional data on export and import price indices for the Republic of Croatia.
The data sources are export and import single administrative documents, which the Central Bureau of Statistics takes over from the Customs Administration of the Republic of Croatia. These documents are also used for the regular observation of exports and imports of the Republic of Croatia.
Export and import price indices were calculated as unit value indices, in other words, indices of the change of the export and import value per quantity unit of exported/imported goods, that is, per kilogram as a uniform and comparable quantity unit for all goods.
Indices were calculated separately for export/import values expressed in kuna and for those expressed in US dollars and euro.
Export/import values have been converted into kuna, US dollars and euro according to the current daily exchange rate lists of foreign currencies as defined by the Croatian National Bank, valid on the day when customs duties were levied. Values are recalculated according to deliveries at the Croatian frontier, that is, exports on the basis of the FOB parity and imports on the basis of the CIF parity.
Besides effects caused by the change in prices, these indices are also effected by inter-currency changes in relation to kuna, US dollar and euro as well as by changes in the composition of goods that make one part of the Nomenclature of the Customs Tariff. Although the nomenclature of goods as most articulated as possible is used, still a very heterogeneous group of goods of various quality and unit price may be found within one unit, that is, within one code.
Indices were calculated according to the Fisher (the so called ideal) formula, which is a geometrical mean between the Laspeyres and Paasche formulae, as follows:
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Laspeyres’ price index PIL = |
Σ pnt qno |
x 100 |
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Σ pno qno |
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Paasche’s price index PIP = |
S pnt qnt |
x 100 |
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S pnoqnt |
The Fisher’s price index PIF = Ö PIL x PIP
where:
t period (o = base period, t = current period)
n single product
q quantity of products
p unit price of products.
Excluded from the price index calculation are parts of products that are, according to the special regulations of the Customs Administration, classified in the same tariff unit as a final product; groups of products of the Customs tariff: 71, 88, 89, 93, 99, products with the unit value that deviates from the average value by more than +/- 2d as well as products whose single index cannot be found within the interval. Due to the mentioned exclusions, the list of goods for which indices are calculated is not stable, that is, it is different in each quarter. The change in the list of goods included affects the given indices.
Since 1 January 2004 the new methodology has been in use in the calculation of price indices. It is different from the previous one in the following:
- the interval for the exclusion of products whose single price index falls outside of the interval 20>p1/p0>500 has been expanded
- the calculation includes products exported or imported on the basis of inward or outward processing
- average values of excluded products have been imputed
- weight is defined as a structure of export/import values.
It must be pointed out that the process of excluding the products is repeated at each data processing. Since data on previous periods are changed in the course of a year, there may be certain aberrations from previously published data. The calculation of the annual price indices by using the most comprehensive data resulted in the high improvement of their quality.
The basic methodological principles for the calculation of export/import prices can be found in the publication titled Methods Used in Computing the United Nations Price Indexes for External Trade, Volume I, Statistical Papers, Series M No. 82, UN, 1991, as well as in the materials titled Statistics on the Trading of Goods, User Guide, Annex 8, Foreign Trade Indices, Methodology and Sources, Eurostat.
Data in this Release are considered provisional, since the used method is a subject of further verification and development.
Abbreviations
CIF cost, insurance and freight
n. e. c. not elsewhere classified
FOB free on board
NKD 2002. National Classification of Activities, 2002 version
SITC Standard International Trade Classification
US $ US dollar
Symbols
- no occurrence