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FIRST RELEASE |
CROATIAN BUREAU OF STATISTICS ISSN 1334-0565 |
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YEAR: XLVI. |
ZAGREB, 4 JUNE, 2009 |
NUMBER: 4.2.3/1. |
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OBLIGED TO NOTIFY DATA SOURCE |
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In the first quarter of 2009, as compared to the 2008 annual average, according to the SITC sections, the increase in export prices, expressed in kuna, was recorded in the following sections: Machinery and transport equipment (14%), Beverages and tobacco (13.5%), Food and live animals (7.8%) and Miscellaneous manufactured articles (1.9%).
The increase in import prices was recorded in the sections Food and live animals (4.7%) and Machinery and transport equipment (0.6%).
In the first quarter of 2009, as compared to the 2008
annual average, according to the SITC sections, the decrease in export prices,
expressed in kuna, was recorded in the following
sections: Mineral fuels and lubricants (-32.7%), Animal and vegetable oils and
fats (-18.8%), Chemical products
(-14.5%), Crude materials, except fuels (-14.4%)
and Manufactures classified by material (-2.3%).
The
decrease in import prices was recorded in the sections Mineral fuels and lubricants (-35.6%), Animal and
vegetable oils and fats (-18.3%), Crude materials, except fuels (-11.5%), Manufactures
classified by material (-9.5%), Beverages
and tobacco (-6.3%), Chemical products
(-6.2%) and Miscellaneous manufactured
articles (-0.2%).
1. EXPORT AND IMPORT PRICE INDICES, ACCORDING TO NKD 2007.
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I. – III. 2009. |
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Exports |
Imports |
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In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
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Total |
98,9 |
86,0 |
96,4 |
92,5 |
79,7 |
90,2 |
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A |
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Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
116,1 |
105,6 |
113,0 |
108,4 |
93,2 |
105,8 |
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B |
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Mining and quarrying |
113,0 |
102,2 |
110,4 |
61,1 |
52,6 |
59,6 |
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C |
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Manufacturing |
98,7 |
85,6 |
96,2 |
97,1 |
83,7 |
94,7 |
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10 |
Manufacture of food products |
101,3 |
87,5 |
98,9 |
101,0 |
87,5 |
98,3 |
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11 |
Manufacture of beverages |
95,2 |
84,1 |
92,9 |
96,7 |
83,9 |
94,1 |
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12 |
Manufacture of tobacco products |
130,4 |
107,3 |
122,7 |
87,1 |
74,0 |
84,7 |
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13 |
Manufacture of textiles |
101,2 |
89,0 |
99,4 |
93,5 |
80,8 |
91,1 |
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14 |
Manufacture of wearing apparel |
107,2 |
92,4 |
104,6 |
107,4 |
92,3 |
104,6 |
1) Provisional data
1. EXPORT AND IMPORT PRICE INDICES, ACCORDING TO NKD 2007.
(continued)
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I.
– III. 2009. |
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Exports |
Imports |
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In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
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15 |
Manufacture of leather and related products |
109,4 |
94,2 |
106,6 |
100,9 |
86,7 |
98,2 |
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16 |
Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials |
102,3 |
88,0 |
99,7 |
102,3 |
89,0 |
99,6 |
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17 |
Manufacture of paper and paper products |
94,8 |
81,8 |
92,2 |
100,1 |
86,4 |
97,5 |
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18 |
Printing and reproduction of recorded media |
72,3 |
61,3 |
70,5 |
55,9 |
51,1 |
54,3 |
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19 |
Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products |
54,8 |
46,8 |
53,5 |
78,8 |
67,3 |
76,8 |
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20 |
Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products |
80,6 |
69,8 |
78,5 |
87,7 |
75,3 |
85,3 |
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21 |
Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations |
94,1 |
82,6 |
91,7 |
106,1 |
90,8 |
103,5 |
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22 |
Manufacture of rubber and plastic products |
95,3 |
82,0 |
92,8 |
94,7 |
81,5 |
92,3 |
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23 |
Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products |
105,1 |
90,4 |
102,3 |
93,8 |
80,7 |
91,4 |
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24 |
Manufacture of basic metals |
91,5 |
79,0 |
89,1 |
83,6 |
72,5 |
81,3 |
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25 |
Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment |
100,7 |
86,7 |
98,2 |
89,8 |
77,5 |
87,6 |
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26 |
Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products |
111,8 |
96,0 |
110,1 |
104,9 |
91,1 |
102,3 |
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27 |
Manufacture of electrical equipment |
109,6 |
98,1 |
106,8 |
96,4 |
83,1 |
93,9 |
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28 |
Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c. |
120,8 |
105,0 |
117,5 |
96,9 |
84,1 |
95,5 |
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29 |
Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers |
102,7 |
88,2 |
100,0 |
102,2 |
87,6 |
99,7 |
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30 |
Manufacture of other transport equipment |
119,7 |
104,8 |
116,5 |
133,4 |
113,0 |
130,0 |
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31 |
Manufacture of furniture |
90,3 |
78,1 |
88,1 |
89,1 |
76,3 |
86,7 |
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32 |
Other manufacturing |
102,0 |
86,9 |
99,6 |
96,5 |
83,7 |
94,1 |
2. EXPORT AND IMPORT PRICE INDICES, ACCORDING TO SECTIONS OF SITC, Rev. 4
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I.
– III. 2009. |
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Exports |
Imports |
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In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
In kuna |
In US $ |
In euro |
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0 Food and live animals |
107,8 |
94,7 |
105,2 |
104,7 |
90,5 |
102,0 |
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1 Beverages and tobacco |
113,5 |
97,5 |
109,1 |
93,7 |
82,2 |
91,1 |
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2 Crude materials, except fuels |
85,6 |
76,5 |
83,4 |
88,5 |
75,3 |
86,1 |
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3 Mineral fuels and lubricants |
67,3 |
57,6 |
65,7 |
64,4 |
55,4 |
62,8 |
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4 Animal and vegetable oils and fats |
81,2 |
71,7 |
78,8 |
81,7 |
70,4 |
79,9 |
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5 Chemical products |
85,5 |
73,7 |
83,3 |
93,8 |
80,4 |
91,4 |
6 Manufactures classified by material |
97,7 |
84,5 |
95,3 |
90,5 |
78,3 |
88,2 |
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7 Machinery and transport equipment |
114,0 |
99,5 |
111,3 |
100,6 |
86,9 |
98,4 |
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8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles |
101,9 |
88,8 |
99,3 |
99,8 |
85,7 |
97,2 |
5. AVERAGE EXCHANGE RATE IN EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF REPUBLIC OF CROATIA
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1 US dollar |
1 euro |
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I. – XII. 2008. |
I. – III. 2009. |
I. – XII. 2008. |
I. – III. 2009. |
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Average exchange rate in kuna for exports |
4,8997 |
5,6971 |
7,2200 |
7,4105 |
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Average exchange rate in kuna for imports |
4,8933 |
5,6977 |
7,2226 |
7,4146 |
NOTES ON METHODOLOGY
In this release, the Central Bureau of Statistics publishes provisional data on export and import price indices for the Republic of Croatia.
The data sources are export and import single administrative documents, which the Central Bureau of Statistics takes over from the Customs Administration of the Republic of Croatia. These documents are also used for the regular observation of exports and imports of the Republic of Croatia.
Export and import price indices were calculated as unit value indices, in other words, indices of the change of the export and import value per quantity unit of exported/imported goods, that is, per kilogram as a uniform and comparable quantity unit for all goods.
Indices were calculated separately for export/import values expressed in kuna and for those expressed in US dollars and euro.
Export/import values have been converted into kuna, US dollars and euro according to the current daily exchange rate lists of foreign currencies as defined by the Croatian National Bank, valid on the day when customs duties were levied. Values are recalculated according to deliveries at the Croatian frontier, that is, exports on the basis of the FOB parity and imports on the basis of the CIF parity.
Besides effects caused by the change in prices, these indices are also effected by inter-currency changes in relation to kuna, US dollar and euro as well as by changes in the composition of goods within a single item of the Nomenclature of the Customs Tariff. Although the nomenclature of goods, as articulated as possible, is used, still a very heterogeneous group of goods of various quality and unit price may be found within a single item, that is, within a single code.
Indices were calculated according to the Fisher’s, so-called ideal, formula, which is a geometrical mean between the Laspeyres’ and Paasche’s formulae, as follows:
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Laspeyres’ price index PIL = |
Σ pnt qno |
x 100 |
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Σ pno qno |
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Paasche’s price index PIP = |
S pnt qnt |
x 100 |
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S pnoqnt |
The Fisher’s price index PIF = Ö PIL x PIP
where:
t period (o = base period, t = current period)
n single product
q quantity of products
p unit price of products.
Excluded from the price index calculation are parts of products that are, according to the special regulations of the Customs Administration, classified into the same tariff item as a final product; groups of products of the Customs tariff: 71, 88, 89, 93, 99; products with a unit value that deviates from the average value by more than +/- 2d (standard deviation) as well as products whose single price index cannot be found within the interval. Due to the mentioned exclusions, the list of goods for which indices are calculated is not stable, that is, it is different in each quarter. The change in the list of goods included affects the given indices.
It must be pointed out that the process of excluding the products is repeated with each data processing. Since data on previous periods are changed in the course of a year, there may be certain aberrations from previously published data. The calculation of the annual price indices by using the most comprehensive data resulted in their higher quality.
Data by type of activities are presented according to the NKD 2007. (NN, Nos. 58/07 and 72/07), which entered into force on 1 January 2008 and is based on the European classification NACE, Rev. 2, which is obligatory in the EU Member States. The implementation of NKD 2007. leads occasionally to the break in time series due to the changes in classification's structure. All relevant changes in the classification were published in the Methodology for Statistical Implementation of the National Classification of Activities, 2007 version – NKD 2007. (NN, Nos. 102/07 and 123/08).
Data are presented according to the production approach, by which export and import data are reported according to the manufacturing activity from which the product originates.
The basic methodological principles for the calculation of export/import prices can be found in the publication titled Methods Used in Computing the United Nations Price Indexes for External Trade, Volume I, Statistical Papers, Series M No. 82, UN, 1991, as well as in the materials titled Statistics on the Trading of Goods, User Guide, Annex 8, Foreign Trade Indices, Methodology and Sources, Eurostat.
Data in this Release are considered provisional, since the used method is a subject of further verification and development.
Abbreviations
CIF cost, insurance and freight
FOB free on board
NACE
Statistical Classification of Economic
Activities in the
European Community
n. e. c. not elsewhere classified
NKD 2007. National Classification of Activities, 2007 version
NN Narodne novine, official gazette of the Republic of Croatia
SITC Standard International Trade Classification
US $ US dollar
Symbols
- no occurrence