GODINA/YEAR: XLVIII. ZAGREB, 8. SRPNJA 2011./8 JULY, 2011 BROJ/NUMBER: 8.2.2.

CODEN POPCEA        ISSN 1330-0350

KARIJERE DOKTORA ZNANOSTI U 2009.

CAREERS OF DOCTORATE HOLDERS, 2009

Statističko istraživanje pod nazivom Istraživanje o karijerama doktora znanosti provedeno je u Republici Hrvatskoj u sklopu Višekorisničkog programa PHARE 2006 pod okriljem Europske unije. Istraživanje je zajednički projekt Statističkog ureda UNESCO-a (UNESCO-UIS), Organizacije za ekonomsku suradnju i razvoj (OECD) i Statističkog ureda Europske unije (Eurostat). Svrha i cilj istraživanja je dobivanje podataka o najobrazovanijoj populaciji – doktorima znanosti – ključnim čimbenicima koji najviše pridonose ekonomskom rastu, proizvodnji, stvaranju inovacija, upotrebi i širenju znanja. Istraživanjem su prikupljeni podaci o obrazovanju, zaposlenju u ranoj fazi istraživačke karijere,  zaposlenosti, iskustvu povezanom s karijerom i međunarodnoj mobilnosti doktora znanosti, čime su ostvareni međunarodno usporedivi pokazatelji o karijerama doktora znanosti.		The statistical survey entitled the Survey on Careers of Doctorate Holders was carried out in the Republic of Croatia within the Multi-Beneficiary Programme PHARE 2006 under the umbrella of the European Union. It is the joint project of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UNESCO-UIS), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat). The purpose and aim of the survey is to obtain data on the most educated population – doctorate holders – key factors who are the top contributors to the economic growth, production, creation of innovations and usage and spreading of knowledge. The survey collected data on education, employment in the early stage of the research career, employment, experience connected to the career and the international mobility of doctorate holders, which provided the internationally comparable indicators on careers of doctorate holders.
Istraživanjem su obuhvaćene osobe s doktoratom znanosti/umjetnosti postignutim u Republici Hrvatskoj ili u inozemstvu, koje su na dan 1. prosinca 2009. živjele u Republici Hrvatskoj i bile mlađe od 70 godina. U uzorak su metodom slučajnog uzorka odabrana 2 502 doktora znanosti.		The survey covered persons who were awarded a doctorate of science/art obtained in the Republic of Croatia or abroad, who were residents of the Republic of Croatia as on 1 December 2009 and were under 70 years of age. The sample, which was selected by using the random sample method, consisted of 2 502 doctorate holders.
Neki od rezultata ankete:		Some results provided by the survey:
-	među doktorima znanosti udio je muškaraca 58,7%, a žena 41,3%	-	The share of male doctorate holders was 58.7% and of female ones 41.3%
-	najviše je doktora znanosti doktorat steklo iz područja biomedicine i zdravstva, a najmanje iz umjetničkog područja te interdisciplinarnih područja znanosti i umjetnosti	-	The largest number of doctorate holders obtained doctorates in the field of biomedicine and health and the lowest number in artistic field and interdisciplinary fields of science and arts
-	ako se promatra aktivnost, rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da je 93,6% doktora znanosti zaposleno, 0,7% nezaposleno, a 5,7% neaktivno.	-	Concerning the activity, the survey results showed that 93.6% of doctoral holders were employed, 0.7% were unemployed and 5.7% were inactive
-	83,4% zaposlenih doktora znanosti rade kao istraživači	-	83.4% of employed doctorate holders worked as researchers
-	prosječna je dob u vrijeme stjecanja doktorata osoba koje su nedavno doktorirale 38,78 godina, dok je prosječno vrijeme do stjecanja doktorata bilo četiri godine	-	The average age at the time of obtaining of doctorate of persons who were recently awarded with a doctorate was 38.78 years, while the average time prior to receiving of doctorate was four years
-	većina doktora znanosti, 69,5%, je prilično zadovoljna promatranim značajkama njihova osnovnog posla. U najvećoj mjeri su vrlo zadovoljni lokacijom radnog mjesta (45,1%) i intelektualnim izazovom (42,8%), a najmanje su zadovoljni povlasticama (12,4%) i radnim uvjetima (8%).	-	The majority of doctorate holders, 69.5%, were very satisfied with the observed characteristics of their main job. They were mostly very satisfied with their job location, 45.1%, and with the intellectual challenge, 42.8%, while they were least satisfied with benefits, 12.4%, and working conditions, 8%.
Kao priprema za ovo istraživanje, u 2008. je provedeno probno istraživanje sa svrhom testiranja metodologije, upitnika i koncepta istraživanja. Probno istraživanje provedeno je na uzorku od 878 doktora znanosti. Rezultati istraživanja provedenog u 2010. pokazuju dosljednost trendova u odnosu na rezultate probnog istraživanja.		In order to prepare this survey, a pilot survey was carried out in 2008 aimed at testing the methodology, questionnaire and concepts of the survey. It covered the sample of 878 doctorate holders. The results of the survey conducted in 2010 showed the consistency of trends in relation to the results of the pilot survey.

Prema rezultatima ankete, od ukupnog broja doktora znanosti u 2009. u Republici Hrvatskoj 58,7% su muškarci, dok je žena 41,3%.

According to the survey results, out of the total number of doctorate holders in 2009 in the Republic of Croatia, there were 58.7% of men and 41.3% of women.

Istraživanje je pokazalo da doktori znanosti u dobi od 45 do 64 godine čine više od polovine populacije doktora znanosti. Ako se promatraju pojedinačne dobne skupine, najveći je udio doktora znanosti u dobi od 35 do 44 godine.

The survey showed that the doctorate holders aged 45 – 64 made more than a half of the population of doctorate holders. Regarding individual age groups, the highest share of doctorate holders was found in the 35 – 44 age group.

Promatrajući distribuciju prema spolu i dobnim skupinama, može se primijetiti da je udio muškaraca u svim dobnim skupinama veći od udjela žena, osim kod doktora znanosti mlađih od 35 godina gdje je udio žena za 6,6 postotnih bodova veći od udjela muškaraca, što odražava rastući broj žena s doktoratom u mlađoj populaciji. Muškarci i žene gotovo su izjednačeni u dobnoj skupini od 35 do 44 godine, dok je najveća razlika među njima u dobnoj skupini od 65 do 69 godina.

The observation of distribution by sex and age groups shows that the share of men was higher than that of women in all age groups, with the exception of the age group of doctorate holders younger than 35 where the share of women was by 6.6 percentage points higher than the share of men, which demonstrates a growing number of female doctorate holders in a younger population. The number of male and female doctorate holders was almost equal in the 35 – 44 age group, while the greatest difference between them was found in the 65 – 69 age group.

Najveći je udio doktora znanosti s doktoratom iz područja biomedicine i zdravstva, zatim iz područja prirodnih i tehničkih znanosti, a najmanje iz umjetničkog područja i interdisciplinarnih područja znanosti i umjetnosti. Najveći je udio žena s doktoratom iz područja biomedicine i zdravstva, a muškaraca iz područja tehničkih znanosti.

The highest share of doctorate holders was recorded in the field of biomedicine and health, followed by life sciences and engineering, while the lowest share was observed in the artistic field and interdisciplinary fields of sciences and arts. The highest share of female doctorate holders was observed in the field of biomedicine and health and of male doctorate holders in the field of engineering.

Najčešće korišten izvor financiranja tijekom postizanja doktorata bio je ugovor o asistiranju (znanstvenom ili nastavničkom). Sljedeći su najčešće korišteni izvori zajam, osobna ušteđevina, potpora supružnika, partnera ili obitelji te naknada ili potpora poslodavca, koje je kao odgovor naveo podjednak broj doktora znanosti.

The most frequently used source of support during the research studies was the teaching and/or research assistantship. It was followed by loan, personal savings and support from spouse, partner or family as well as the employer reimbursement or assistance, which was listed by approximately the same number of the doctorate holders.

Prema metodologiji istraživanja, osobe koje su nedavno doktorirale su osobe koje su obranile doktorsku disertaciju/stekle doktorat znanosti između siječnja 2008. i prosinca 2009. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da je 14,3% doktora znanosti doktorat steklo u tom razdoblju, od čega je 50,8% žena i 49,2% muškaraca. Od osoba koje su nedavno doktorirale, najveći je udio onih koje su doktorirale iz područja biomedicine i zdravstva, zatim iz područja društvenih znanosti, dok je najmanji udio onih koje su doktorirale iz interdisciplinarnih područja znanosti. Za 43,7% njih osnovni izvor financiranja tijekom postizanja doktorata bio je ugovor o asistiranju (znanstvenom ili nastavničkom). Prema aktivnosti, zaposleno je 99% doktora znanosti koji su nedavno stekli doktorat.

According to the survey methodology, recent doctorate recipients are persons who defended their doctoral dissertation/obtained a doctorate of science in the period from January 2008 to December 2009. The survey results show that 14.3% of doctorate holders obtained their doctorate in that period, out of which there were 50.8% of women and 49.2% of men. Out of the recent doctorate recipients, there was the highest share of those who obtained the doctorate in the fields of biomedicine and health and social sciences, while the lowest share was recorded in interdisciplinary fields of sciences. The primary source of support during their research studies for 43.7% of them was the teaching and/or research assistantship. By activity, 99% of recent doctorate recipients were employed.

Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na visoku zaposlenost te nisku nezaposlenost (ispod 1%) doktora znanosti u Republici Hrvatskoj. Posjedovanje doktorata implicira visoku razinu stručnosti u određenom području, a samim time veća je i potražnja za takvim kadrom na tržištu rada.	The survey results showed a high employment and a low unemployment (under 1%) of doctorate holders in the Republic of Croatia. Holding of a doctorate degree implies a high level of expertise in a particular field and, accordingly, the demand for such professionals on the labour market is higher.
Od zaposlenih doktora znanosti, njih 97,4% su zaposlenici, a 2,6% su samozaposleni. Većina, više od četiri petine, zaposlenih doktora znanosti radi kao istraživači, dok manje od jedne petine doktora znanosti nisu zaposleni kao istraživači. Taj je omjer podjednak kod muškaraca i kod žena.	Out of employed doctorate holders, 97.4% were employees and 2.6% were self-employed. The majority, over four fifths, of doctorate holders worked as researchers, while less than one fifth of them did not work as researchers. Such a ratio referred comparably to men and women.

Istraživači su osobe angažirane na stvaranju novih znanja, proizvoda, procesa, metoda i sustava te u vođenju takvih projekata. Stvaranje novih znanja ključno je za rast konkurentnosti i inovativnosti koja je pokretač ekonomskog razvoja. Prema rezultatima ankete, najveći udio doktora znanosti koji su zaposleni kao istraživači radi u sektoru visokog obrazovanja. Slijede državni sektor te poslovni sektor. Ako se promatraju doktori znanosti koji nisu zaposleni kao istraživači, najveći je udio zaposlen u državnom sektoru, zatim u poslovnom sektoru te u sektoru visokog obrazovanja.

Researchers are persons engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge, products, processes, methods and systems and also in the management of the projects concerned. The conception or creation of new knowledge is a key factor of growth of the level of competition and innovativeness that is a driving force of any economic development. According to the survey results, the highest share of doctorate holders who were employed as researchers worked in the higher education sector, which was followed by the government sector and the business sector. Concerning doctorate holders who were not employed as researchers, the highest share worked in the government sector, followed by the business sector and the higher education sector.

Ako se promatra distribucija prema dobnim skupinama, rezultati ankete pokazuju da su svi doktori znanosti mlađi od 35 godina zaposleni. Nakon toga najveći je udio zaposlenih u dobnoj skupini od 35 do 44 godine. Najveći je udio neaktivnih doktora znanosti u dobnoj skupini od 65 do 69 godina, što bi se moglo objasniti dobnom granicom za odlazak u mirovinu, a 55,7% doktora znanosti u toj je dobnoj skupini zaposleno.

Regarding the distribution by age groups, the survey results show that all doctorate holders under 35 years of age were employed. After that, the highest share of the employed doctorate holders was recorded in the 35 – 44 age group. The highest share of inactive doctorate holders was found in the 65 – 69 age group, which may well be explained by the age limit of retirement, while 55.7% of doctorate holders in that age group were employed.

Ako se promatraju udjeli doktora znanosti prema aktivnosti i području znanosti doktorske disertacije, rezultati pokazuju da su svi doktori znanosti koji su doktorat stekli iz umjetničkog područja i interdisciplinarnih područja znanosti i umjetnosti zaposleni. Slijedi područje tehničkih znanosti s 96,8% zaposlenih i bez nezaposlenih doktora znanosti. Najmanji je udio zaposlenih u području prirodnih znanosti (88,5%), u kojem je i najveći udio neaktivnih (11,2%). Najveći je udio nezaposlenih u području biotehničkih znanosti (1,5%).

Regarding the shares of doctorate holders according to the activity and the scientific field of their doctoral dissertation, the results show that all doctorate holders who obtained their doctorate in the artistic field and in interdisciplinary fields of science and arts were employed. Those fields were followed by engineering with 96.8% employed and no unemployed doctorate holders. The lowest share of employed doctorate holders was recorded in the life sciences (88.5%), in which the highest share of inactive doctorate holders (11.2%) was recorded as well. The highest share of unemployed doctorate holders was observed in the field of biotechnical sciences (1.5%).

Istraživanje je pokazalo da je većina doktora znanosti u Republici Hrvatskoj, njih 69,5%, prilično zadovoljna promatranim značajkama njihova osnovnog posla. Vrlo je nezadovoljno tek 1,7% doktora znanosti. Značajke kojima su doktori znanosti u najvećoj mjeri vrlo zadovoljni jesu lokacija radnog mjesta, intelektualni izazov i stupanj samostalnosti. Značajke kojima su prilično zadovoljni jesu razina odgovornosti, plaća i sigurnost radnog mjesta, dok su značajke kojima su vrlo nezadovoljni  povlastice, radni uvjeti  i društveni status.	The survey showed that the majority of doctorate holders in the Republic of Croatia, 69.5% of them, were somewhat satisfied with the observed characteristics of their main job. Only 1.7% of doctorate holders were very unsatisfied. The characteristics for which the doctorate holders claimed they were mostly very satisfied are job location, intellectual challenge and the degree of independence. The characteristics they claimed to be somewhat satisfied with were the level of responsibility, salary and job security, while those they found very unsatisfying were benefits, working conditions and social status.
Ispitanici su na kraju upitnika mogli upisati svoje mišljenje, eventualne komentare, prijedloge ili kritike istraživanja. Dok su neki izrazili dvojbe o svrsi provedbe ovakvog istraživanja, drugi su izrazili pohvale i nadu da će istraživanje pomoći poboljšanju statusa doktora znanosti u hrvatskom društvu i stanja hrvatske znanosti. U nastavku teksta dani su neki od najzanimljivijih komentara ispitanika.	At the end of the questionnaire, respondents had a chance to express their opinion, possible comments, suggestions or criticism related to the survey. While some of them could not clearly see the purpose of carrying out of such a survey, others expressed their praises and hope that the survey would help in improving the status of doctorate holders in the Croatian society and the situation in the Croatian science. Here are some of the most interesting comments.
„U svakom slučaju anketa je dobar pokušaj da se ukaže na neke goruće probleme prisutne u našem „društvu znanja“.	“In any case, the survey is a good attempt to point at some burning problems present in our “society of knowledge”.
„Poticanje istraživanja i napredovanja je osnova društva i osoba. Strpljivost i ustrajnost te pravilno vrednovanje osobno i okoline je preduvjet dobrog razvoja društva u cjelini.“	“Stimulating of research and advancement is a foundation of the society and persons. Patience and perseverance as well as a proper validation, personal and provided by the community, are prerequisites of a satisfactory development of the society as a whole".
„Mislim da bitna pitanja nisu postavljena, a to su razlozi nezadovoljstva uvjetima rada, statusom i mogućnostima napredovanja.“	“I hold that the crucial questions have not been set, such as what are the reasons for the dissatisfaction with working conditions, status and opportunities for advancement.”
„Nadam se da će vaš upitnik doprinijeti poboljšanju kvalitete visokog obrazovanja u Hrvatskoj.“	“I hope that your questionnaire will contribute to the improvement of the quality of the higher education in Croatia.”
„Valja pohvaliti istraživački napor u ovom smjeru! Vjerujem da će rezultati pomoći daljnjoj brizi u istraživanju i stjecanju novih spoznaja i novih doktora znanost.“	“The research effort in this direction should surely be praised! I believe that the results will help in further care in the research and acquiring of new understandings and new doctoral holders.”
„Napokon se provodi istraživanje o doktorima znanosti u RH. Nadam se da ćete dobiti odgovor i na pitanje: Trebaju li RH doktori znanosti uopće?“	“It was high time to carry out the survey on doctoral holders in the Republic of Croatia. I hope that you will also get an answer to the question: Does the Republic of Croatia need doctoral holders in the first place?”

METODOLOŠKA OBJAŠNJENJA		NOTES ON METHODOLOGY
Svrha istraživanja		Objectives of the survey
Podaci prikazani u ovom priopćenju rezultat su obrade Istraživanja o karijerama doktora znanosti koje je provedeno u 2010. na uzorku od 2 502 ispitanika. Istraživanje o karijerama doktora znanosti zajednički je projekt Statističkog ureda UNESCO-a (UNESCO-UIS), Organizacije za ekonomsku suradnju i razvoj (OECD) i Statističkog ureda Europske Komisije (Eurostat). Cilj istraživanja jest prikupljanje statističkih podataka o postignutom obrazovanju, radnom iskustvu, mobilnosti i znanstvenoj produktivnosti doktora znanosti radi omogućavanja praćenja razvoja karijera i mobilnosti doktora znanosti kao najkvalificiranijeg dijela radne snage. Budući da su doktori znanosti najobrazovaniji dio radne snage, za njih se smatra da će najviše pridonijeti upotrebi i širenju znanja što će posredno utjecati na konkurentnost, inovativnost, proizvodnju i ekonomski rast.		Data presented in this first release are the result of the processed Survey on Careers of Doctorate Holders, which was carried out in 2010 on the sample of 2 502 respondents. The Survey on Careers of Doctorate Holders is a joint project carried out by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Statistical Office of the European Commission (Eurostat). The objective of the survey is a collection of statistical data on the completed education, working experience, mobility and scientific productivity of doctorate holders in order to provide conditions for the observation of career development and mobility of doctorate holders, who are considered the most qualified part of the labour force. Since doctorate holders are the most qualified part of the labour force, they are expected to contribute the most to the use and expanding of knowledge, which will indirectly affect the competition, innovativeness, production and economic growth.
Istraživanje je provedeno u Državnom zavodu za statistiku u okviru Višekorisničkog programa PHARE 2006. U 2008. provedeno je probno istraživanje na uzorku od 878 doktora znanosti. Svrha tog istraživanja bilo je testiranje metodologije, upitnika i koncepta istraživanja.		The survey was carried out in the Croatian Bureau of Statistics within the Multi-Beneficiary PHARE 2006 Programme. A pilot survey was carried out in 2008 on the sample of 878 doctorate holders. It was conducted in order to test the methodology, questionnaire and concepts of the survey.
Koncepti i definicije koji se primijenjuju u Istraživanju o karijerama doktora znanosti usklađeni su s UNESCO/OECD/Eurostatovom metodologijom (Statistics on the Careers of Doctorate Holders –Methodological Guidelines, 2006) kako bi se dobili međunarodno usporedivi pokazatelji o karijerama doktora znanosti.		Concepts and definitions applied in the Survey on Careers of Doctorate Holders are harmonised with the UNESCO/OECD/Eurostat methodology (Statistics on the Careers of Doctorate Holders – Methodological Guidelines, 2006) in order to obtain internationally comparable indicators on careers of doctorate holders.
Promatrane jedinice		Units observed
Promatrane jedinice su osobe s doktoratom znanosti postignutim bilo gdje u svijetu koje su na dan 1. prosinca 2009. živjele u Republici Hrvatskoj i bile mlađe od 70 godina.		Units observed are doctorate holders obtained all over the world that resided in the Republic of Croatia on 1 December 2009 and were under 70 years of age.
Okvir uzorka i uzorak		Sampling frame and sample
Kako bi se postigao najbolji mogući obuhvat ciljne populacije, koristilo se nekoliko nacionalnih izvora za izradu okvira uzorka: Popis stanovništva, kućanstava i stanova 2001., Godišnje istraživanje o doktorima znanosti Državnog zavoda za statistiku, za razdoblje 2001. – 2009., Upisnik znanstvenika Ministarstva znanosti, obrazovanja i športa i on-line baza podataka Instituta Ruđer Bošković “Tko je tko u hrvatskoj znanosti”. Spajanjem navedenih izvora, došlo se do polazne baze ciljne populacije od 9 039 doktora znanosti, iz koje se pristupilo odabiru uzorka. Osnovni skup bio je stratificiran prema spolu, dobnim skupinama i polju znanosti doktorske disertacije. Dobne su skupine sljedeće: mlađi od 40 godina, 40 do 54 godine i 55 do 69 godina. Područja znanosti korištena za stratificiranje jesu: prirodne znanosti, tehničke znanosti, biomedicina i zdravstvo, biotehničke znanosti, društvene znanosti, humanističke znanosti, umjetničko područje te interdisciplinarna područja znanosti. Doktori znanosti koji su doktorat stekli iz umjetničkog ili interdisciplinarnih područja znanosti bili su uključeni u isti stratum zbog njihova malog broja, te su svi odabrani u uzorak. Slijedom toga, i kod prikazivanja podataka spojeni su u jednu kategoriju. Alokacija uzorka po stratumima proporcionalna je broju jedinica u stratumu. U stratumima u kojima je populacija bila manja od minimalne veličine uzorka (20) svi su doktori znanosti bili uključeni u uzorak. Uzorak je stratificirani jednostavni slučajni uzorak s poznatim vjerojatnostima izbora za sve jedinice. Veličina je uzorka 2 502 doktora znanosti.		In order to achieve the best coverage possible of the target population, several national sources for creation of sampling frame were used: the Census of Population and Housing 2001, the Annual Survey on Doctors of Science, 2001 – 2009, carried out by the Croatian Bureau of Statistics, the Register of Researchers kept by the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports, as well as the on-line database “Who is who in the Croatian science” of the Institute Ruđer Bošković. The merging of the mentioned sources led to the starting base of the target population consisting of 9 039 doctorate holders, which was then used in creating a sample. The basic set was stratified by sex, age groups and scientific filed of the doctoral dissertation. The following age groups were observed: under 40 years of age, 40 – 50 years and 55 – 69 years. The scientific fields used in the stratification were life sciences, engineering, biomedicine and health, biotechnical sciences, social sciences, humanities, artistic field and interdisciplinary fields of science. Doctoral holders who obtained a doctorate in the artistic field or in interdisciplinary fields of science were included in the same stratum due to their small number and all of them were selected to the sample. Consequently, they were put into only one category in data presenting. The allocation of a sample by strata is proportional to the number of units in a stratum. In the strata in which the population did not exceed the minimum sample size (20), all doctoral holders were included in the sample. The sample was a stratified simple random sample with known selection probabilities for all units. The size of the sample was 2 502 doctorate holders.
Metoda prikupljanja podataka		Method of data collection
Podaci su prikupljeni on-line upitnikom. Ispitanici su upitniku pristupali upisujući identifikacijski broj i lozinku koji su bili poznati samo njima, a dostavljeni su im u najavnom pismu. U slučaju nemogućnosti pristupanja on-line upitniku, ispitanici su mogli zatražiti i ispuniti papirnatu verziju upitnika. Od ukupnog broja ispitanika koji pripadaju ciljnoj populaciji, 83,32% ispitanika ispunilo je on-line upitnik, a 17,68% papirnati upitnik.		Data were collected on the on-line questionnaire. The respondents accessed the questionnaire by entering the ID number and a password known only to them, which they had received in the announcement letter. In case they could not access the on-line questionnaire, the respondents were provided with a paper version of it. Out of the total number of respondents in the target population, 83.32% filled in the on-line questionnaire and 17.68% the paper one.
Referentna godina za glavne varijable bila je 2009., a referentni datum 1. prosinca 2009. Određena pitanja odnosila su se na posljednjih 10 godina ili trogodišnje razdoblje prije ili poslije referentnog datuma.		The reference year for the main variables was 2009 and the reference date was 1 December 2009. Certain questions referred to the last ten years or to a three-year period prior or after the reference date.
Stopa odgovora		Response rate
Stopa odgovora istraživanja je 43,05%: 39,57% jedinica odabranih u uzorak odgovorilo je na istraživanje i pripada ciljnoj populaciji, 2,88% jedinica nije imalo prebivalište u Republici Hrvatskoj 1. prosinca 2009., 0,16% doktora znanosti je preminulo i 0,44% nisu bili doktori znanosti. Stopa neodgovora je 56,95%: 3% jedinica odabranih u uzorak odbilo sudjelovati u istraživanju, a 53,95% nije odgovorilo ni na kakav način (nažalost ni nakon nekoliko podsjetnika).		The response rate of the survey was 43.05%, as follows: 39.57% of the units selected into a sample responded to the survey and belonged to the target population, 2.88% did not reside in the Republic of Croatia on 1 December 2009, 0.16% of doctorate holders passed away and 0.44% were not doctoral holders. The non-response rate was 56.95%, as follows: 3% of the units selected into a sample refused to participate in the survey, while 53.95% did not provide any answer (unfortunately, not even after several reminders were sent to them).
Definicije i objašnjenja		Definitions and explanations
Doktor znanosti jest osoba koja je obranila doktorsku disertaciju.		Doctorate holder is a person who defended a doctoral dissertation.
Istraživači jesu osobe angažirane na stvaranju novih znanja, proizvoda, procesa, metoda i sustava kao i u vođenju takvih projekata.		Researchers are professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge, products, processes, methods and systems and also in the management of the projects concerned.
Osobe koje su nedavno doktorirale jesu osobe koje su obranile doktorsku disertaciju/stekle doktorat znanosti između siječnja 2008. i prosinca 2009.		Recent doctorate recipients are persons who received their doctorate degree between January 2008 and December 2009.
Zaposleni su osobe koje su u referentnom razdoblju obavljale bilo kakav posao za novac ili plaćanje u naturi. To su svi zaposlenici, samozaposlene osobe i članovi obitelji koji pomažu u poslovnom subjektu u vlasništvu člana obitelji (trgovačko društvo, poduzeće, obrt, slobodno zanimanje, poljoprivredno gospodarstvo) ili u nekome drugom obliku obiteljske privređivačke djelatnosti i osobe koje su radile za naknadu prema ugovoru, za neposredno plaćanje u novcu ili naturi. U zaposlene ulaze i svi zaposlenici ili samozaposlene osobe koje su u referentnom razdoblju trenutačno bile odsutne s posla, a vratit će se na rad kod istog poslodavca ili na istu aktivnost nakon prestanka razloga za odsutnost.		Persons in employment are those who were engaged in any work for payment in cash or kind during the reference period. Those are employees, the self-employed and family members who are helping in some kind of family business (family enterprise, firm, craft, free-lance, farm) or some other kind of gainful activity as well as persons who worked on contract, for direct payment in cash or kind. Persons in employment are also those who were absent from work during the reference period but had a job to return to with the same employer after the reason for absence no longer existed.
Zaposlenici su osobe koje rade za poslodavca u državnom ili privatnom sektoru i za svoj rad primaju naknadu u novcu ili naturi.		Persons in paid employment are those who work for an employer in the government or private sector and are paid for their work in cash or kind.
Samozaposleni su poslodavci koji upravljaju poslovnim subjektom i zapošljavaju jednog ili više zaposlenika te osobe koje rade za vlastiti račun i ne upošljavaju zaposlenike.		Self-employed persons are employers who run an enterprise and employ one or more employees as well as own-account workers who have no employees.
Nezaposleni su sve osobe koje tijekom referentnog razdoblja nisu obavljale nikakav posao za novac ili plaćanje u naturi, trenutačno su raspoložive za posao i aktivno traže posao.		Unemployed persons are those who did not work for payment in cash or kind during the reference period, who are currently available for work and are actively seeking work.
Neaktivno stanovnišvo jesu osobe do navršenih 15 godina i osobe u radno sposobnom stanovništvu koje nisu zaposlene ili nezaposlene.		Inactive population consists of persons under the age of 15 as well as those of working age who are neither employed nor unemployed.
Poslovni sektor obuhvaća poduzeća/trgovačka društva čija je glavna djelatnost proizvodnja roba i usluga za tržište uz ekonomsku cijenu.		Business sector comprises enterprises/trade companies and organisations whose main activity is the production of goods and services intended for market at commercial price.
Državni sektor obuhvaća institucije i druga tijela koja zajednici besplatno pružaju one zajedničke usluge (osim visokog obrazovanja) koje se inače uz tržišne uvjete ne bi mogle osigurati, a predstavljaju izraz gospodarske i socijalne politike zajednice. Javna poduzeća pripadaju poslovnom sektoru.		Government sector comprises institutions and other bodies offering gratis common services to the community (except higher education) that, respecting market conditions, cannot otherwise be secured and that administer the economic and social policy of a community. Public enterprises are included in the business sector.
Visoko obrazovanje obuhvaća visoka učilišta bez obzira na izvor financiranja ili pravni status.		Higher education includes institutions of higher education, irrespective of their source of financing or legal status.
Ostalo obrazovanje obuhvaća sve institucije koje pružaju predškolsko, osnovnoškolsko ili srednjoškolsko obrazovanje bez obzira na izvor financiranja i pravni status.		Other education includes all institutions providing pre-primary, primary or secondary education, irrespective of their source of finance or legal status.
Neprofitni sektor obuhvaća neprofitne organizacije koje pružaju netržišna dobra ili usluge kućanstvima, tj. široj javnosti, osim onih koje kontrolira i uglavnom financira država, a njihova je osnovna značajka da ne mogu biti izvor dohotka ili dobiti jedinicama koje ih kontroliraju.		Non-profit sector comprises non-market, non-profit institutions serving households (that is, the general public), except those mainly controlled and financed by the government, their main characteristic being that they should not be the source of revenue or profit to the institutions controlling them.
Vrijeme do stjecanja doktorata je vrijeme od početka doktorskog studija/prijave doktorata do stjecanja doktorata znanosti.		Time prior to receiving of doctorate is a period from the beginning of a doctoral study/applying a doctorate to receiving of the doctorate of science.
Kratice
RH	Republika Hrvatska
tj.	to jest

Izdaje i tiska Državni zavod za statistiku Republike Hrvatske, Zagreb, Ilica 3, p. p. 80.

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